Optimal. Leaf size=451 \[ -\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}+1\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}+1\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.41, antiderivative size = 451, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 19, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 18, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.389, Rules used = {1420, 211, 1165, 628, 1162, 617, 204} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 x^2+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}+1\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}+1\right )}{2\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 204
Rule 211
Rule 617
Rule 628
Rule 1162
Rule 1165
Rule 1420
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1+x^4}{1+3 x^4+x^8} \, dx &=\frac {1}{10} \left (5-\sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx+\frac {1}{10} \left (5+\sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx\\ &=\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {3-\sqrt {5}}-\sqrt {2} x^2}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {3-\sqrt {5}}+\sqrt {2} x^2}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {3+\sqrt {5}}-\sqrt {2} x^2}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {3+\sqrt {5}}+\sqrt {2} x^2}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}\\ &=\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}-\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}+\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}-\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}+\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x}{-\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}-\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x-x^2} \, dx}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}-2 x}{-\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}+\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x-x^2} \, dx}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x}{-\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}-\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x-x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}-2 x}{-\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}+\sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x-x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}}-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}\\ &=-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1+\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3-\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1+\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3-\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4\ 2^{3/4} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}-2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {5} \sqrt [4]{2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] time = 0.02, size = 55, normalized size = 0.12 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{4} \text {RootSum}\left [\text {$\#$1}^8+3 \text {$\#$1}^4+1\&,\frac {\text {$\#$1}^4 \log (x-\text {$\#$1})+\log (x-\text {$\#$1})}{2 \text {$\#$1}^7+3 \text {$\#$1}^3}\&\right ] \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1+x^4}{1+3 x^4+x^8} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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fricas [B] time = 1.24, size = 951, normalized size = 2.11
result too large to display
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [A] time = 0.93, size = 239, normalized size = 0.53 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{80} \, {\left (\pi + 4 \, \arctan \left (x \sqrt {\sqrt {5} + 1} + 1\right )\right )} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 5} - \frac {1}{80} \, {\left (\pi + 4 \, \arctan \left (-x \sqrt {\sqrt {5} + 1} + 1\right )\right )} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 5} + \frac {1}{80} \, {\left (\pi + 4 \, \arctan \left (x \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} - 1\right )\right )} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 5} - \frac {1}{80} \, {\left (\pi + 4 \, \arctan \left (-x \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} - 1\right )\right )} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 5} + \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 5} \log \left (16900 \, {\left (x + \sqrt {\sqrt {5} + 1}\right )}^{2} + 16900 \, x^{2}\right ) - \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 5} \log \left (16900 \, {\left (x - \sqrt {\sqrt {5} + 1}\right )}^{2} + 16900 \, x^{2}\right ) + \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 5} \log \left (2500 \, {\left (x + \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1}\right )}^{2} + 2500 \, x^{2}\right ) - \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 5} \log \left (2500 \, {\left (x - \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1}\right )}^{2} + 2500 \, x^{2}\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [C] time = 0.01, size = 42, normalized size = 0.09 \begin {gather*} \frac {\left (\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}+3 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}+3 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )+x \right )}{8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}+3 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{7}+12 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}+3 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{4} + 1}{x^{8} + 3 \, x^{4} + 1}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [B] time = 0.18, size = 459, normalized size = 1.02 \begin {gather*} \frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {7\,2^{3/4}\,x\,{\left (-\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}+\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}+\frac {3\,2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,x\,{\left (-\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}+\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}\right )\,{\left (-\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}}{20}-\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2^{3/4}\,x\,{\left (-\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}\,7{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}+\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}+\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,x\,{\left (-\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}\,3{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}+\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}\right )\,{\left (-\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{20}-\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {7\,2^{3/4}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}-\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}-\frac {3\,2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}-\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}\right )\,{\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}}{20}+\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2^{3/4}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}\,7{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}-\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}-\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {5}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}\,3{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (2\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}-\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-3}\right )}\right )\,{\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right )}^{1/4}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{20} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [A] time = 1.48, size = 24, normalized size = 0.05 \begin {gather*} \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (40960000 t^{8} + 19200 t^{4} + 1, \left (t \mapsto t \log {\left (25600 t^{5} + 16 t + x \right )} \right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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